TAVR (Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement) is a minimally invasive procedure used to treat aortic valve stenosis, a condition where the aortic valve becomes narrowed, restricting blood flow from the heart to the rest of the body. This condition can lead to symptoms such as shortness of breath, chest pain, fatigue, and even heart failure. TAVR offers an alternative to traditional open-heart surgery for patients who may not be candidates for surgery due to age, comorbidities, or other health risks.
The TAVR procedure involves replacing the damaged aortic valve with a new valve, typically made of biological tissue. The new valve is delivered through a catheter, which is inserted into a blood vessel, usually in the groin (femoral artery) or chest. The catheter is guided to the heart, where the new valve is positioned within the old, damaged valve. Once in place, the new valve expands, pushing the old valve aside and restoring normal blood flow.
TAVR is performed under local anesthesia or sedation, meaning the patient is typically awake during the procedure but not in pain. It is done in a specialized heart catheterization laboratory (cath lab), and the entire procedure usually takes a few hours.
TAVR is generally recommended for patients with severe aortic stenosis who are not good candidates for traditional open-heart surgery due to age, frailty, or other underlying medical conditions. It is particularly beneficial for elderly patients or those with multiple health issues who might not survive the trauma of open surgery. However, TAVR can also be considered for patients who are younger but have a higher surgical risk.
In conclusion, TAVR is a game-changer for patients with severe aortic stenosis who are not candidates for traditional open-heart surgery. It offers a minimally invasive, life-saving solution that improves symptoms, quality of life, and overall heart function. With advances in medical technology and technique, TAVR is becoming a standard option for managing aortic valve disease, providing hope and improved health for many patients who otherwise might have had limited treatment options.
Angiography